I.T. Around the Globe

 

I.T. Around the Globe

1. Fill in the blanks:-

(a)  Internet is a world wide network that links millions of computers which communicates and shares information or resources.

(b) A website contains one or more web pages which are linked with each other.

(c) WAN is a type of network in which computers are connected over large geographical areas.

(d) In Ring Topology, computers are placed in a circle of cable without any terminating ends.

(e) Wi-Fi is a wireless (LAN) networking system.

2. Match the network topology in column A with appropriate picture in column B.

Column-A                                                                          Column-B                                                                                           

Ø  Mesh Topology                                -                                                             

 

Ø  Tree Topology                   -                                             

 

Ø  Stare Topology                 -

 

Ø  Linear Topology               -                                             

 

 

Ø  Ring Topology                   -

 

3. Select the most suitable alternative:

(a) A network in which the computers are spread over metropolitan area such as a city is known as:

Ans:- MAN

(b) A topology that combines characteristics of linear, bus and star topology is known as:

Ans: - Tree

(c) The centralized computer having huge storage capacity and very high processing speed are called as:

Ans: - Sever

(d) The documents in web sites that display information is called as:

Ans: - Web page

4. Expand the following abbreviations:

(a) MAN: - Metropolitan Area Network

(b) WAN: - Wide Area Network

(c) Wi-Fi: - Wireless Fidelity

(d) ISP: - Internet Service Provider

5. Answer the following questions:

(a) Define network. Explain about its advantages.

Ans:- Network refers to the interconnected group of people or computers or other devices which can exchange information or other resources among themselves.

Advantages of Networking:-

·         Sharing of files:- With the help of networking send or receive any kind of information(data) among the users.

·         Sharing of Hardware Resources:- Networking helps in sharing of hardware devices like printer.

·         Fast delivery of messages:- With the help of network, information can be sent and received instantly.

·         Low cost of data transfer:- In a network, data or information can be transferred at a minimum cost among workstations.

(b) What are Severs?

Ans:- Servers are centralized computer that have huge storage capacity and high processing speed. It acts as an intermediary between two or more computers which are on network.

(c) What are the different types of network? Write down their characteristics.

Ans:- Type of Network:-

Ø  LAN (Locla Area Network):- Characteristics of LAN:-

·         The transfer of data in LAN takes place at a rate of 100-1000 mbps (megabits per second).

·         It is owned by a single organization and is not subject ot external tariffs.

·         It provides the user with a systematic access to several resources.

Ø  MAN (Metropolitan Area Network):- Characteristics of MAN:-

·         It is larger than a LAN.

·         It is connected within a single city or metropolitan area.

·         It is mainly owned by large organizations to interconnect all its branches or resources across a city.

Ø  WAN (Wide Area Network):- Characteristics of WAN:-

·         The speed of transfer of data is very high and is increasing day-by-day.

·         It covers a large geographical area at a minimum cost.

·         The user or nodes under WAN are unlimited.

(d) What is topology? Explain about different types of network topologies.

Ans:- Topology refers to the physical layout of connection between different workstations i.e. nodes or server in a network. It can be assumed as the shape of a network.

Ø  Linear Topology:- In linear topology, nodes are connected serially with each other. Each node is connected to other except the last node at both ends. In this topology, the entire network fails in case any node within the network breaks down or is disconnected.

Ø  Bus Topology:- In bus topology, each node in the network is connected to the single common communication wore and this single communication line is referred as a bus. Bus network is the simplest way to connect multiple clients.

Ø  Star Topology:- In stare topology, computers or its devices are not directly linked to each other but they are connected via a centralized network component called as hub. The hub acts as a central controller and if a node wants to send data to another node, it can send the same through the hub only. In this network the whole network does not fail, even if any of the node is not working.

Ø  Ring Topology:- In ring topology, computers are placed in a circle of cable without terminating ends since there is no disconnected end. Every ode has two neighbors for communication. All data travel through the ring until they reach their destination. In such topology, sometimes the rate of data transfer is more.

Ø  Tree Topology:- A tree topology combines the characteristics of linear, bus and star topology, It consists of group of networks connected to a bus or cable. This topology allows for easy expansion of an existing network.

Ø  Mesh Topology:- In a mesh topology. Every node has dedicated point-to-point link to every other node. Messages sent on a mesh topology can take any of the possible paths from source to destination. Though the structure of this connectivity looks quite jumbled up, but it enables a faster flow of data in comparison to other topologies.

(d) Define the terms ‘e-commerce’ and ‘e-governance’.

Ans:- e-commerce:- It refers to the paperless exchange of business information on internet and is also known as ‘Electronic Commerce’. It is buying and selling of products and services through computer based communication network. It allows the consumers to electronically view the goods or services and get to know about terms of buying and exchanging goods and services.

e-Governance:- It relates to administration of various govt. departments by means of exchanging information. With the help of internet, government officials can directly gather information from different locations and establish network for quicker and better administrative control.

(f) e-mail is better than the traditional way of sending and receiving the messages. Justify the statement.

Ans:- It is a fast, easier and one of the cheapest way to communicate with people. An individual who avails e-mail facility has a unique e-mail address, by which messages are sent and in which messages are received